Gerundios
Puede ser algo difícil saber cuándo puedes usar los gerundios, el infinitivo solo o el ‘to + infinitivo’, y si es correcto o no.
Un ‘gerundio’ es un verbo con terminación –ing. Por ejemplo: running, enjoying, playing etc.
Hay tres reglas acerca del uso de los gerundios en inglés.
¿Cuándo se usa los gerundios en inglés?
- Se usa el gerundio después los verbos específicos, que normalmente llevan la forma de gerundio después.
- Usamos el gerundio después las preposiciones: until, by, before etc.
- Usamos el gerundio como un sujeto o un objeto de una frase: ‘playing football is great fun’.
Vamos a elaborar más sobre las tres reglas para saber cuándo hay que insertar el gerundio correctamente.
El gerundio es usado después de verbos específicos que siempre llevan la forma de gerundio (verbo + –ing).
Estos verbos llevan el gerundio.
Fancy | She fancies leaving early. |
Discuss | I’ve discussed going on vacation with her. |
Avoid | Mary usually avoids partying. |
Keep | I keep insisting to her. |
Recommend | Harry recommends getting a head-start. |
Suggest | Joseph had suggested travelling to Paris. |
Mind | I don’t mind getting dirty. |
Dislike | She really dislikes smoking. |
Enjoy | Let’s enjoy spending our time together. |
Finish | I’ll finish running through your work. |
Risk | Don’t risk losing your job. |
Can’t help | Harry can’t help cheating. |
Can’t stand | Maria can’t stand getting up early. |
Appreciate | Samuel appreciates being able to come. |
Practise | I will have been practising swimming for two years by tomorrow. |
Postpone | Please don’t postpone meeting the venture capitalist. |
Miss | She was missing studying. |
Delay | They delayed flying. |
Consider | I shall consider coming tonight. |
Involve | My education involves learning about geography. |
Deny | The accused denied stealing. |
Complete | They will complete training in thirty minutes. |
Understand | I understand living here is difficult. |
Tolerate | The courts won’t tolerate shouting. |
Mention | I think he mentioned leaving at around 20:00h. |
Imagine | Last night she imagined arriving late. |
Recall | The man recalled saving the guy’s life. |
Report | The journalist reported interviewing the chief in stuff. |
Anticipate | You must anticipate arriving at that time. |
Después de toda proposición se debe utilizar la forma de gerundio (verbo + –ing). Las proposiciones incluyen
Before | Before arriving, please take your shoes off. |
Of | I received a lot of complaining. |
By | By discovering the new properties we were able to go ahead. |
Until | Not until writing my book did I know. |
For | For smoking in the hallway, you will be punished. |
Through | I’ll go through with making the choice. |
Under | Under ‘pressing the button’. |
Over | I’ll speak to her about handling the situation properly. |
Aside from | Aside from not knowing the problem she hadn’t met anyone previously. |
Pursuant to | The clause states that pursuant to finalising the deal, we must… |
According to | Well, according to him, opening the account there isn’t a good idea. |
Upon | Upon arriving in New York we suddenly got lost. |
Amid | We were amid making some very serious decisions. |
Without | Don’t speak to him without consulting me first. |
Usamos los gerundios como un sujeto u objeto de una oración
Los gerundios como sujeto de la frase:
- Smoking is an unhealthy habit.
- Imagining things instead of telling the truth isn’t a good idea.
- Getting out of this city is my main priority.
- Telling lies is not a good idea.
- Jumping is fun.
Los gerundios como objeto de la frase:
- I liked your taking part in the activity.
- I let him know that understanding the issue is vital.
- You mustn’t tell Ann about my leaving late today.
- Explain to her about my telling off.
- I love running.
Ver también
Verbos auxiliares:
Verbos modales:
Gramática avanzada:
- Artículos (a/an, the, zero artículo)
- Pronombres: sujeto, objeto y posessivo
- Coletillas interrogativas
- Condicionales en inglés
- Palabras interrogativas
- Determinantes
- Verbos compuestos / phrasal verbs
- Prefijos y sufijos
- Discurso indirecto y directo
- Números: cardinal, ordinal, y números romanos
- El verbo: «get»
- Get vs. go + got vs. gotten
- Verbos copulativos
- Oración escindida
- Subjuntivo en inglés
- El inglés vulgar: tabú y jerga
- Elipsis
- Infinitivo partido
- Énfasis con inversión
- El «to + infinitivo»
- El infinitivo solo
- Diferencias de deletreo americano y británico